With the development of technology and the popularity of smart phones, mobile payment in recent years ushered in explosive growth.
In 2015, China's banking financial payment institutions handled a total of 13.837 billion mobile payment transactions, an increase of 205.86%; business amount of 10.822 billion yuan, an increase of 379.06%. Non-bank payment agencies accumulated 81.245 billion network payment transactions, the amount of 49.48 trillion yuan, respectively, increased by 205.86% and 379.06% (2015 payment system operating overall situation, 2016).
Existing mobile payment model
With the help of mobile operators, financial institutions, mobile payment service providers, terminals and related equipment manufacturers, regulators, merchants and users, various mobile payment models emerge in an endless stream. Csaifu Keitai, Master Card PayPass, Alipay, Square, Apple Pay, Cloud Flash, Starbucks Touch-To-Pay are all successful cases.
It should be said that the success of these mobile payment models, have its specific social environment and its own characteristics, such as the Japanese and more geographical factors and people do not love the use of credit card mentality, contributed to the success of Csaifu Keitai; Square success source In the United States rely on credit cards; Apple Pay is smart to use its smart terminal user sticky and technical advantages; pay treasure is beneficial to its long-term accumulation of electricity business users.
Comparison of three types of model processes
Mobile payment system, from the credit card payment system. There are five participants in the credit card payment system: merchants, recipients, credit card organizations, issuers and customers.
Different mobile payment methods, the process there are differences. According to its core technology principle, the above mobile payment model can be divided into three categories: NFC payment, two-dimensional code payment, based on NFC technology and biometric identification technology hybrid payment. We have to analyze one by one.
1, NFC Department of near-field payment
NFC system near-field payment process can be divided into three steps: the first step, misappropriating, the user in the bank will be a certain amount of money into the NFC chip; the second step, credit card, the customer choose to buy goods using business preparation Of the POS machine credit card payment; the third step, confirmed that some NFC near-field payment will require customers to confirm the signature, usually in the business just launched or when spending more than a certain limit.
2, the scanning line near the field to pay
There are two modes of payment: the payment voucher mode and the payment order mode.
To pay the voucher mode of the payment process: the first step, the customer to open the phone to pay APP, click on the payment code, to the business show; the second step, the business with scanning gun scanning customer's payment code, enter the payment interface; Enter the payment amount, click on the payment; the fourth step, enter the phone to pay the password, click pay.
The second step, the consumer through the mobile phone APP scan to read the two-dimensional code, enter the payment interface; the third step, after confirming the order information, the order of the payment process: the first step, the business according to the order data to form a two-dimensional code; Enter the password and click on the payment.
3, mixed type near field payment
Apple Pay creatively combines token technology, fingerprint recognition technology with NFC payment technology to quickly extend Apple Pay with its vast user base and strong user stickiness. We use Apple Pay as an example to introduce a hybrid near-field payment process.
Apple Pay near-field payment process: the first step, the iPhone near the credit card sensor area; the second step, the phone screen lights up, fingerprint verification; the third step, enter the PIN code (according to the actual situation, some payment process Is not required PIN code); the fourth step, to complete the payment.
Future trends: abandonment of payment equipment
Many people have experienced payment equipment and network to mobile payment trouble and inconvenience, the solution is to find a new model, you can abandon the payment equipment and network needs, improve payment efficiency.
In the near future, it is expected that the mobile payment method based on biometrics alone will be widely used. It is generally accepted that biometrics can be used for mobile payments to meet the following four conditions: universality, uniqueness, stability and collectability. In practice, but also consider performance, user acceptance and security.
A typical biometric system, logically includes two modules: a registration module and an identification module.
Registration process: the first step, the user information log; the second step, through the biometric sensor, collecting the user's biometric information; the third step, extract the user characteristics; the fourth step, create a user template and stored in the database.
Identification process: the first step, through the biometric sensor, collecting the user's biometric information; the second step, extract the user characteristics; the third step, the database template to match and verify the user identity.
Pure biometric payment process, the actual use of the unique unique biological characteristics of the body to replace the payment tool, the payment device is the customer's authentication tool.
The second step, the customer confirms the correct amount, in the POS to verify the biological characteristics; the third step, POS machines quickly match the customer biology and pre-binding of the first step, the cashier in the POS machine to enter the payment amount; Account, billing settlement; the fourth step, payment is completed.
Biometric payment has the following advantages: First, the complete elimination of the use of intelligent terminals to reduce the standard competition for consumption; Second, the direct mobile network to avoid mobile users to use mobile payment restrictions; Third, the user account directly with the user characteristics, More convenient, more comfortable to use; fourth, higher security, the user's privacy more confidential.
After the biometric payment is fulfilled, there may be two cases. One is to appear with the idea of control technology to support the idea of payment. This payment method is in the existing payment concept system, the mobile payment convenience and security to the development of almost limit the way. However, in the specific implementation, the need for a huge amount of technical support, must solve the brain radio wave recognition accuracy, brainwave acquisition equipment miniaturization, brainwave collector and controller integration and other technical issues. As long as we want to achieve breakthrough scientific and technological progress, this technology is not fantasy.
Another situation is relatively simple, based on virtual reality technology (VR), to create a new consumption model, and then derived from the virtual reality technology based on the payment model. The use of virtual reality technology to build virtual consumer scenarios (shopping malls, supermarkets, convenience stores, etc.), consumers enter the virtual reality scene has been completed when the identity verification, selected goods immediately after the completion of payment.
In addition, Bitcoin also showed us a payment method based on any equipment - electronic fingerprints, although Bitcoin has not yet been fully accepted by countries, but the test results are successful.
